mirror of
https://github.com/nonebot/nonebot2.git
synced 2025-07-28 16:51:26 +00:00
204 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
204 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
# 通用消息组件
|
|
|
|
`uniseg` 模块属于 `nonebot-plugin-alconna` 的子插件。
|
|
|
|
通用消息组件内容较多,故分为了一个示例以及数个专题。
|
|
|
|
## 示例
|
|
|
|
### 导入
|
|
|
|
一般情况下,你只需要从 `nonebot_plugin_alconna.uniseg` 中导入 `UniMessage` 即可:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
from nonebot_plugin_alconna.uniseg import UniMessage
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### 构建
|
|
|
|
你可以通过 `UniMessage` 上的快捷方法来链式构造消息:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
message = (
|
|
UniMessage.text("hello world")
|
|
.at("1234567890")
|
|
.image(url="https://example.com/image.png")
|
|
)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
也可以通过导入通用消息段来构建消息:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
from nonebot_plugin_alconna import Text, At, Image, UniMessage
|
|
|
|
message = UniMessage(
|
|
[
|
|
Text("hello world"),
|
|
At("user", "1234567890"),
|
|
Image(url="https://example.com/image.png"),
|
|
]
|
|
)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
更深入一点,比如你想要发送一条包含多个按钮的消息,你可以这样做:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
from nonebot_plugin_alconna import Button, UniMessage
|
|
|
|
message = (
|
|
UniMessage.text("hello world")
|
|
.keyboard(
|
|
Button("link1", url="https://example.com/1"),
|
|
Button("link2", url="https://example.com/2"),
|
|
Button("link3", url="https://example.com/3"),
|
|
row=3,
|
|
)
|
|
)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### 发送
|
|
|
|
你可以通过 `.send` 方法来发送消息:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _():
|
|
message = UniMessage.text("hello world").image(url="https://example.com/image.png")
|
|
await message.send()
|
|
# 类似于 `matcher.finish`
|
|
await message.finish()
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
你可以通过参数来让消息 @ 发送者:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _():
|
|
message = UniMessage.text("hello world").image(url="https://example.com/image.png")
|
|
await message.send(at_sender=True)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
或者回复消息:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _():
|
|
message = UniMessage.text("hello world").image(url="https://example.com/image.png")
|
|
await message.send(reply_to=True)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### 撤回,编辑,表态
|
|
|
|
你可以通过 `message_recall`, `message_edit` 和 `message_reaction` 方法来撤回,编辑和表态消息事件。
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
from nonebot_plugin_alconna import message_recall, message_edit, message_reaction
|
|
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _():
|
|
await message_edit(UniMessage.text("hello world"))
|
|
await message_reaction("👍")
|
|
await message_recall()
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
你也可以对你自己发送的消息进行撤回,编辑和表态:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _():
|
|
message = UniMessage.text("hello world").image(url="https://example.com/image.png")
|
|
receipt = await message.send()
|
|
await receipt.edit(UniMessage.text("hello world!"))
|
|
await receipt.reaction("👍")
|
|
await receipt.recall(delay=5) # 5秒后撤回
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### 处理消息
|
|
|
|
通过依赖注入,你可以在事件处理器中获取通用消息:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
from nonebot_plugin_alconna import UniMsg
|
|
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _(msg: UniMsg):
|
|
...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
然后你可以通过 `UniMessage` 的方法来处理消息.
|
|
|
|
例如,你想知道消息中是否包含图片,你可以这样做:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
ans1 = Image in message
|
|
ans2 = message.has(Image)
|
|
ans3 = message.only(Image)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
或者,提取所有的图片:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
imgs_1 = message[Image]
|
|
imgs_2 = message.get(Image)
|
|
imgs_3 = message.include(Image)
|
|
imgs_4 = message.select(Image)
|
|
imgs_5 = message.filter(lambda x: x.type == "image")
|
|
imgs_6 = message.tranform({"image": True})
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
而后,如果你想提取出所有的图片链接,你可以这样做:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
urls = imgs.map(lambda x: x.url)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
如果你想知道消息是否符合某个前缀,你可以这样做:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _(msg: UniMsg):
|
|
if msg.startswith("hello"):
|
|
await matcher.finish("hello world")
|
|
else:
|
|
await matcher.finish("not hello world")
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
或者你想接着去除掉前缀:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _(msg: UniMsg):
|
|
if msg.startswith("hello"):
|
|
msg = msg.removeprefix("hello")
|
|
await matcher.finish(msg)
|
|
else:
|
|
await matcher.finish("not hello world")
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### 持久化
|
|
|
|
假设你在编写一个词库查询插件,你可以通过 `UniMessage.dump` 方法来将消息序列化为 JSON 格式:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
from nonebot_plugin_alconna import UniMsg
|
|
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _(msg: UniMsg):
|
|
data: list[dict] = msg.dump()
|
|
# 你可以将 data 存储到数据库或者 JSON 文件中
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
而后你可以通过 `UniMessage.load` 方法来将 JSON 格式的消息反序列化为 `UniMessage` 对象:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
from nonebot_plugin_alconna import UniMessage
|
|
|
|
@matcher.handle()
|
|
async def _():
|
|
data = [
|
|
{"type": "text", "text": "hello world"},
|
|
{"type": "image", "url": "https://example.com/image.png"},
|
|
]
|
|
message = UniMessage.load(data)
|
|
```
|