refactor(cmd): use std runtime package to get go version info (#7964)

* refactor(cmd): use std `runtime` package to get go version info

- Remove the `GoVersion` variable.
- Remove overriding `GoVersion` by ldflags in `build.sh`.
- Get go version, OS and arch from the constants in the std `runtime` package instead of compile time.

* chore(ci): remove `GoVersion` flag from workflows

Remove GoVersion flag from beta_release.yml and build.yml workflows.

> Reduce compile-time dependencies.

cmd/version.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package cmd
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"runtime"
 
 	"github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -16,14 +17,15 @@ var VersionCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "version",
 	Short: "Show current version of AList",
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		goVersion := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s/%s", runtime.Version(), runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
+
 		fmt.Printf(`Built At: %s
 Go Version: %s
 Author: %s
 Commit ID: %s
 Version: %s
 WebVersion: %s
-`,
-			conf.BuiltAt, conf.GoVersion, conf.GitAuthor, conf.GitCommit, conf.Version, conf.WebVersion)
+`, conf.BuiltAt, goVersion, conf.GitAuthor, conf.GitCommit, conf.Version, conf.WebVersion)
 		os.Exit(0)
 	},
 }