diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
index 1767de9..3264ed7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
       - name: Actionlint
-        uses: eifinger/actionlint-action@23c85443d840cd73bbecb9cddfc933cc21649a38  # v1.9.1
+        uses: eifinger/actionlint-action@23c85443d840cd73bbecb9cddfc933cc21649a38 # v1.9.1
       - name: Run zizmor
         uses: zizmorcore/zizmor-action@e673c3917a1aef3c65c972347ed84ccd013ecda4 # v0.2.0
       - uses: actions/setup-node@a0853c24544627f65ddf259abe73b1d18a591444 # v5.0.0
@@ -269,13 +269,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os:
-          [
-            ubuntu-latest,
-            macos-latest,
-            macos-14,
-            windows-latest,
-          ]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, macos-14, windows-latest]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
         with:
@@ -334,7 +328,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest ]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
         with:
@@ -371,8 +365,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        enable-cache: [ "true", "false", "auto" ]
-        os: [ "ubuntu-latest", "selfhosted-ubuntu-arm64", "windows-latest" ]
+        enable-cache: ["true", "false", "auto"]
+        os: ["ubuntu-latest", "selfhosted-ubuntu-arm64", "windows-latest"]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
         with:
@@ -389,8 +383,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        enable-cache: [ "true", "false", "auto" ]
-        os: [ "ubuntu-latest", "selfhosted-ubuntu-arm64", "windows-latest" ]
+        enable-cache: ["true", "false", "auto"]
+        os: ["ubuntu-latest", "selfhosted-ubuntu-arm64", "windows-latest"]
     needs: test-setup-cache
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
@@ -836,6 +830,68 @@ jobs:
             exit 1
           fi
 
+  test-cache-python-installs:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Verify Python install dir is not populated
+        run: |
+          if [ -d ~/.local/share/uv/python ]; then
+            echo "Python install dir should not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      - name: Setup uv with cache
+        uses: ./
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-python: true
+          cache-suffix: ${{ github.run_id }}-${{ github.run_attempt }}-test-cache-python-installs
+      - run: uv sync --managed-python
+        working-directory: __tests__/fixtures/uv-project
+      - name: Verify Python install dir exists
+        run: |
+          if [ ! -d ~/.local/share/uv/python ]; then
+            echo "Python install dir should exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+  test-restore-python-installs:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test-cache-python-installs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Verify Python install dir does not exist
+        run: |
+          if [ -d ~/.local/share/uv/python ]; then
+            echo "Python install dir should not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      - name: Restore with cache
+        id: restore
+        uses: ./
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-python: true
+          cache-suffix: ${{ github.run_id }}-${{ github.run_attempt }}-test-cache-python-installs
+      - name: Verify Python install dir exists
+        run: |
+          if [ ! -d ~/.local/share/uv/python ]; then
+            echo "Python install dir should exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      - name: Cache was hit
+        run: |
+          if [ "$CACHE_HIT" != "true" ]; then
+            exit 1
+          fi
+        env:
+          CACHE_HIT: ${{ steps.restore.outputs.cache-hit }}
+      - run: uv sync --managed-python
+        working-directory: __tests__/fixtures/uv-project
+
   all-tests-passed:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs:
@@ -878,6 +934,8 @@ jobs:
       - test-relative-path
       - test-cache-prune-force
       - test-cache-dir-from-file
+      - test-cache-python-installs
+      - test-restore-python-installs
     if: always()
     steps:
       - name: All tests passed
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index abd319e..b9f642a 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ Set up your GitHub Actions workflow with a specific version of [uv](https://docs
     - [Save cache](#save-cache)
   - [Local cache path](#local-cache-path)
   - [Disable cache pruning](#disable-cache-pruning)
+  - [Cache Python installs](#cache-python-installs)
   - [Ignore nothing to cache](#ignore-nothing-to-cache)
   - [GitHub authentication token](#github-authentication-token)
   - [UV_TOOL_DIR](#uv_tool_dir)
@@ -355,6 +356,20 @@ input.
     prune-cache: false
 ```
 
+### Cache Python installs
+
+By default, the Python install dir (`uv python dir` / `UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR`) is not cached,
+for the same reason that the dependency cache is pruned.
+If you want to cache Python installs along with your dependencies, set the `cache-python` input to `true`.
+
+```yaml
+- name: Cache Python installs
+  uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+  with:
+    enable-cache: true
+    cache-python: true
+```
+
 ### Ignore nothing to cache
 
 By default, the action will fail if caching is enabled but there is nothing to upload (the uv cache directory does not exist).
diff --git a/action.yml b/action.yml
index ea7133b..997ecb5 100644
--- a/action.yml
+++ b/action.yml
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ inputs:
   prune-cache:
     description: "Prune cache before saving."
     default: "true"
+  cache-python:
+    description: "Upload managed Python installations to the Github Actions cache."
+    default: "false"
   ignore-nothing-to-cache:
     description: "Ignore when nothing is found to cache."
     default: "false"
diff --git a/dist/save-cache/index.js b/dist/save-cache/index.js
index 5fc3dd8..0100416 100644
--- a/dist/save-cache/index.js
+++ b/dist/save-cache/index.js
@@ -90593,8 +90593,12 @@ async function restoreCache() {
     }
     let matchedKey;
     core.info(`Trying to restore uv cache from GitHub Actions cache with key: ${cacheKey}`);
+    const cachePaths = [inputs_1.cacheLocalPath];
+    if (inputs_1.cachePython) {
+        cachePaths.push(await (0, inputs_1.getUvPythonDir)());
+    }
     try {
-        matchedKey = await cache.restoreCache([inputs_1.cacheLocalPath], cacheKey);
+        matchedKey = await cache.restoreCache(cachePaths, cacheKey);
     }
     catch (err) {
         const message = err.message;
@@ -90620,7 +90624,8 @@ async function computeKeys() {
     const pythonVersion = await getPythonVersion();
     const platform = await (0, platforms_1.getPlatform)();
     const pruned = inputs_1.pruneCache ? "-pruned" : "";
-    return `setup-uv-${CACHE_VERSION}-${(0, platforms_1.getArch)()}-${platform}-${pythonVersion}${pruned}${cacheDependencyPathHash}${suffix}`;
+    const python = inputs_1.cachePython ? "-py" : "";
+    return `setup-uv-${CACHE_VERSION}-${(0, platforms_1.getArch)()}-${platform}-${pythonVersion}${pruned}${python}${cacheDependencyPathHash}${suffix}`;
 }
 async function getPythonVersion() {
     if (inputs_1.pythonVersion !== "") {
@@ -90844,8 +90849,18 @@ async function saveCache() {
     if (!fs.existsSync(actualCachePath) && !inputs_1.ignoreNothingToCache) {
         throw new Error(`Cache path ${actualCachePath} does not exist on disk. This likely indicates that there are no dependencies to cache. Consider disabling the cache input if it is not needed.`);
     }
+    const cachePaths = [actualCachePath];
+    if (inputs_1.cachePython) {
+        const pythonDir = await (0, inputs_1.getUvPythonDir)();
+        core.info(`Including Python cache path: ${pythonDir}`);
+        if (!fs.existsSync(pythonDir) && !inputs_1.ignoreNothingToCache) {
+            throw new Error(`Python cache path ${pythonDir} does not exist on disk. This likely indicates that there are no dependencies to cache. Consider disabling the cache input if it is not needed.`);
+        }
+        cachePaths.push(pythonDir);
+    }
+    core.info(`Final cache paths: ${cachePaths.join(", ")}`);
     try {
-        await cache.saveCache([actualCachePath], cacheKey);
+        await cache.saveCache(cachePaths, cacheKey);
         core.info(`cache saved with the key: ${cacheKey}`);
     }
     catch (e) {
@@ -90996,9 +91011,11 @@ var __importDefault = (this && this.__importDefault) || function (mod) {
     return (mod && mod.__esModule) ? mod : { "default": mod };
 };
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
-exports.addProblemMatchers = exports.manifestFile = exports.githubToken = exports.toolDir = exports.toolBinDir = exports.ignoreEmptyWorkdir = exports.ignoreNothingToCache = exports.pruneCache = exports.cacheDependencyGlob = exports.cacheLocalPath = exports.cacheSuffix = exports.saveCache = exports.restoreCache = exports.enableCache = exports.checkSum = exports.activateEnvironment = exports.pythonVersion = exports.versionFile = exports.version = exports.workingDirectory = void 0;
+exports.addProblemMatchers = exports.manifestFile = exports.githubToken = exports.toolDir = exports.toolBinDir = exports.ignoreEmptyWorkdir = exports.ignoreNothingToCache = exports.cachePython = exports.pruneCache = exports.cacheDependencyGlob = exports.cacheLocalPath = exports.cacheSuffix = exports.saveCache = exports.restoreCache = exports.enableCache = exports.checkSum = exports.activateEnvironment = exports.pythonVersion = exports.versionFile = exports.version = exports.workingDirectory = void 0;
+exports.getUvPythonDir = getUvPythonDir;
 const node_path_1 = __importDefault(__nccwpck_require__(6760));
 const core = __importStar(__nccwpck_require__(7484));
+const exec = __importStar(__nccwpck_require__(5236));
 const config_file_1 = __nccwpck_require__(5465);
 exports.workingDirectory = core.getInput("working-directory");
 exports.version = core.getInput("version");
@@ -91013,6 +91030,7 @@ exports.cacheSuffix = core.getInput("cache-suffix") || "";
 exports.cacheLocalPath = getCacheLocalPath();
 exports.cacheDependencyGlob = getCacheDependencyGlob();
 exports.pruneCache = core.getInput("prune-cache") === "true";
+exports.cachePython = core.getInput("cache-python") === "true";
 exports.ignoreNothingToCache = core.getInput("ignore-nothing-to-cache") === "true";
 exports.ignoreEmptyWorkdir = core.getInput("ignore-empty-workdir") === "true";
 exports.toolBinDir = getToolBinDir();
@@ -91106,6 +91124,20 @@ function getCacheDirFromConfig() {
     }
     return undefined;
 }
+async function getUvPythonDir() {
+    if (process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR !== undefined) {
+        core.info(`Using UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR from environment: ${process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR}`);
+        return process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR;
+    }
+    core.info("Determining uv python dir using `uv python dir`...");
+    const result = await exec.getExecOutput("uv", ["python", "dir"]);
+    if (result.exitCode !== 0) {
+        throw new Error(`Failed to get uv python dir: ${result.stderr || result.stdout}`);
+    }
+    const dir = result.stdout.trim();
+    core.info(`Determined uv python dir: ${dir}`);
+    return dir;
+}
 function getCacheDependencyGlob() {
     const cacheDependencyGlobInput = core.getInput("cache-dependency-glob");
     if (cacheDependencyGlobInput !== "") {
diff --git a/dist/setup/index.js b/dist/setup/index.js
index f443a3e..299113a 100644
--- a/dist/setup/index.js
+++ b/dist/setup/index.js
@@ -125151,8 +125151,12 @@ async function restoreCache() {
     }
     let matchedKey;
     core.info(`Trying to restore uv cache from GitHub Actions cache with key: ${cacheKey}`);
+    const cachePaths = [inputs_1.cacheLocalPath];
+    if (inputs_1.cachePython) {
+        cachePaths.push(await (0, inputs_1.getUvPythonDir)());
+    }
     try {
-        matchedKey = await cache.restoreCache([inputs_1.cacheLocalPath], cacheKey);
+        matchedKey = await cache.restoreCache(cachePaths, cacheKey);
     }
     catch (err) {
         const message = err.message;
@@ -125178,7 +125182,8 @@ async function computeKeys() {
     const pythonVersion = await getPythonVersion();
     const platform = await (0, platforms_1.getPlatform)();
     const pruned = inputs_1.pruneCache ? "-pruned" : "";
-    return `setup-uv-${CACHE_VERSION}-${(0, platforms_1.getArch)()}-${platform}-${pythonVersion}${pruned}${cacheDependencyPathHash}${suffix}`;
+    const python = inputs_1.cachePython ? "-py" : "";
+    return `setup-uv-${CACHE_VERSION}-${(0, platforms_1.getArch)()}-${platform}-${pythonVersion}${pruned}${python}${cacheDependencyPathHash}${suffix}`;
 }
 async function getPythonVersion() {
     if (inputs_1.pythonVersion !== "") {
@@ -129708,9 +129713,11 @@ var __importDefault = (this && this.__importDefault) || function (mod) {
     return (mod && mod.__esModule) ? mod : { "default": mod };
 };
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
-exports.addProblemMatchers = exports.manifestFile = exports.githubToken = exports.toolDir = exports.toolBinDir = exports.ignoreEmptyWorkdir = exports.ignoreNothingToCache = exports.pruneCache = exports.cacheDependencyGlob = exports.cacheLocalPath = exports.cacheSuffix = exports.saveCache = exports.restoreCache = exports.enableCache = exports.checkSum = exports.activateEnvironment = exports.pythonVersion = exports.versionFile = exports.version = exports.workingDirectory = void 0;
+exports.addProblemMatchers = exports.manifestFile = exports.githubToken = exports.toolDir = exports.toolBinDir = exports.ignoreEmptyWorkdir = exports.ignoreNothingToCache = exports.cachePython = exports.pruneCache = exports.cacheDependencyGlob = exports.cacheLocalPath = exports.cacheSuffix = exports.saveCache = exports.restoreCache = exports.enableCache = exports.checkSum = exports.activateEnvironment = exports.pythonVersion = exports.versionFile = exports.version = exports.workingDirectory = void 0;
+exports.getUvPythonDir = getUvPythonDir;
 const node_path_1 = __importDefault(__nccwpck_require__(76760));
 const core = __importStar(__nccwpck_require__(37484));
+const exec = __importStar(__nccwpck_require__(95236));
 const config_file_1 = __nccwpck_require__(27846);
 exports.workingDirectory = core.getInput("working-directory");
 exports.version = core.getInput("version");
@@ -129725,6 +129732,7 @@ exports.cacheSuffix = core.getInput("cache-suffix") || "";
 exports.cacheLocalPath = getCacheLocalPath();
 exports.cacheDependencyGlob = getCacheDependencyGlob();
 exports.pruneCache = core.getInput("prune-cache") === "true";
+exports.cachePython = core.getInput("cache-python") === "true";
 exports.ignoreNothingToCache = core.getInput("ignore-nothing-to-cache") === "true";
 exports.ignoreEmptyWorkdir = core.getInput("ignore-empty-workdir") === "true";
 exports.toolBinDir = getToolBinDir();
@@ -129818,6 +129826,20 @@ function getCacheDirFromConfig() {
     }
     return undefined;
 }
+async function getUvPythonDir() {
+    if (process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR !== undefined) {
+        core.info(`Using UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR from environment: ${process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR}`);
+        return process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR;
+    }
+    core.info("Determining uv python dir using `uv python dir`...");
+    const result = await exec.getExecOutput("uv", ["python", "dir"]);
+    if (result.exitCode !== 0) {
+        throw new Error(`Failed to get uv python dir: ${result.stderr || result.stdout}`);
+    }
+    const dir = result.stdout.trim();
+    core.info(`Determined uv python dir: ${dir}`);
+    return dir;
+}
 function getCacheDependencyGlob() {
     const cacheDependencyGlobInput = core.getInput("cache-dependency-glob");
     if (cacheDependencyGlobInput !== "") {
diff --git a/src/cache/restore-cache.ts b/src/cache/restore-cache.ts
index fac9f55..3c32c04 100644
--- a/src/cache/restore-cache.ts
+++ b/src/cache/restore-cache.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ import { hashFiles } from "../hash/hash-files";
 import {
   cacheDependencyGlob,
   cacheLocalPath,
+  cachePython,
   cacheSuffix,
+  getUvPythonDir,
   pruneCache,
   pythonVersion as pythonVersionInput,
   restoreCache as shouldRestoreCache,
@@ -30,8 +32,12 @@ export async function restoreCache(): Promise<void> {
   core.info(
     `Trying to restore uv cache from GitHub Actions cache with key: ${cacheKey}`,
   );
+  const cachePaths = [cacheLocalPath];
+  if (cachePython) {
+    cachePaths.push(await getUvPythonDir());
+  }
   try {
-    matchedKey = await cache.restoreCache([cacheLocalPath], cacheKey);
+    matchedKey = await cache.restoreCache(cachePaths, cacheKey);
   } catch (err) {
     const message = (err as Error).message;
     core.warning(message);
@@ -62,7 +68,8 @@ async function computeKeys(): Promise<string> {
   const pythonVersion = await getPythonVersion();
   const platform = await getPlatform();
   const pruned = pruneCache ? "-pruned" : "";
-  return `setup-uv-${CACHE_VERSION}-${getArch()}-${platform}-${pythonVersion}${pruned}${cacheDependencyPathHash}${suffix}`;
+  const python = cachePython ? "-py" : "";
+  return `setup-uv-${CACHE_VERSION}-${getArch()}-${platform}-${pythonVersion}${pruned}${python}${cacheDependencyPathHash}${suffix}`;
 }
 
 async function getPythonVersion(): Promise<string> {
diff --git a/src/save-cache.ts b/src/save-cache.ts
index 45cc62a..2e9f684 100644
--- a/src/save-cache.ts
+++ b/src/save-cache.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@ import {
 import { STATE_UV_PATH, STATE_UV_VERSION } from "./utils/constants";
 import {
   cacheLocalPath,
+  cachePython,
   enableCache,
+  getUvPythonDir,
   ignoreNothingToCache,
   pruneCache as shouldPruneCache,
   saveCache as shouldSaveCache,
@@ -68,8 +70,22 @@ async function saveCache(): Promise<void> {
       `Cache path ${actualCachePath} does not exist on disk. This likely indicates that there are no dependencies to cache. Consider disabling the cache input if it is not needed.`,
     );
   }
+
+  const cachePaths = [actualCachePath];
+  if (cachePython) {
+    const pythonDir = await getUvPythonDir();
+    core.info(`Including Python cache path: ${pythonDir}`);
+    if (!fs.existsSync(pythonDir) && !ignoreNothingToCache) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Python cache path ${pythonDir} does not exist on disk. This likely indicates that there are no dependencies to cache. Consider disabling the cache input if it is not needed.`,
+      );
+    }
+    cachePaths.push(pythonDir);
+  }
+
+  core.info(`Final cache paths: ${cachePaths.join(", ")}`);
   try {
-    await cache.saveCache([actualCachePath], cacheKey);
+    await cache.saveCache(cachePaths, cacheKey);
     core.info(`cache saved with the key: ${cacheKey}`);
   } catch (e) {
     if (
diff --git a/src/utils/inputs.ts b/src/utils/inputs.ts
index faf2f59..b14a50c 100644
--- a/src/utils/inputs.ts
+++ b/src/utils/inputs.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import path from "node:path";
 import * as core from "@actions/core";
+import * as exec from "@actions/exec";
 import { getConfigValueFromTomlFile } from "./config-file";
 
 export const workingDirectory = core.getInput("working-directory");
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ export const cacheSuffix = core.getInput("cache-suffix") || "";
 export const cacheLocalPath = getCacheLocalPath();
 export const cacheDependencyGlob = getCacheDependencyGlob();
 export const pruneCache = core.getInput("prune-cache") === "true";
+export const cachePython = core.getInput("cache-python") === "true";
 export const ignoreNothingToCache =
   core.getInput("ignore-nothing-to-cache") === "true";
 export const ignoreEmptyWorkdir =
@@ -123,6 +125,25 @@ function getCacheDirFromConfig(): string | undefined {
   return undefined;
 }
 
+export async function getUvPythonDir(): Promise<string> {
+  if (process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR !== undefined) {
+    core.info(
+      `Using UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR from environment: ${process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR}`,
+    );
+    return process.env.UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR;
+  }
+  core.info("Determining uv python dir using `uv python dir`...");
+  const result = await exec.getExecOutput("uv", ["python", "dir"]);
+  if (result.exitCode !== 0) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Failed to get uv python dir: ${result.stderr || result.stdout}`,
+    );
+  }
+  const dir = result.stdout.trim();
+  core.info(`Determined uv python dir: ${dir}`);
+  return dir;
+}
+
 function getCacheDependencyGlob(): string {
   const cacheDependencyGlobInput = core.getInput("cache-dependency-glob");
   if (cacheDependencyGlobInput !== "") {